● Retained in BNS
Section 191 defines giving false evidence -- a person bound by oath or law to state the truth who makes a statement they know or believe to be false. BNS Section 227 reproduces the definition verbatim; the punishment sits in the companion section (193, now BNS 229).
Section 191 IPC defined giving false evidence: a person legally bound by an oath, an express legal provision, or law to make a true declaration who makes a statement, false in a material particular, that they know or believe to be false or do not believe to be true, is said to give false evidence. Two Explanations cover verbal and other statements, and false statements of belief.
BNS Section 227 reproduces the IPC 191 definition and both Explanations word for word, with no substantive change.
Unchanged in substance. Pure renumbering from IPC 191 to BNS 227 with identical text.
This is a definitional provision; the punishment and its associated defences sit under the companion punishment section, IPC 193 / BNS 229.
Summaries are for general information and are not legal advice. For the authoritative bare-act text, see the official Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 and Indian Penal Code, 1860 (full amended text, as it stood before repeal) on India Code, or the Ministry of Home Affairs' new criminal laws page. ← All comparisons